Age spots, also known as liver spots, sun spots, or solar lentigines are dark flat areas of skin that can appear on areas which have been exposed to sunlight including the face, hands, shoulders, and arms. Although these spots are harmless, their removal or reduction is an ever-increasing quest among most people. But what is an age spot, really? And how can you really get rid of them? All right, let’s just dig into the science of age spots and see some of the best age spot removal Bristol.
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Age Spots?
Age spots are small, darkened areas of skin resulting from an excess production of melanin, the pigment that gives skin its colour. Melanin is produced by specialized cells called melanocytes. When the skin is exposed to the sun over time, UV rays trigger an increase in melanin production, which can lead to the formation of these spots.
Age spots typically appear on the skin of an individual of more than 40 years. However, sometimes, these age spots develop on earlier ages depending on how long the skin has been exposed to prolonged sun exposure. Sometimes, these spots can be influenced by genetics, skin type, or lifestyle practices that may lead to early development.
The Science Behind Their Formation
The science of age spots revolves around the response of the skin to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. When UV rays penetrate the skin, they damage the skin cells, leading to inflammation and an increase in melanin production. In areas where the skin has been frequently exposed to sunlight, the melanin gathers in clusters, forming the characteristic dark spots.
While age spots are mainly due to sun exposure, they can also be caused by other factors such as hormonal changes (as during pregnancy), certain medications, and even genetics. People with fair skin tend to be more prone to age spots because their skin has less melanin to protect against UV damage.
How to Effectively Remove Age Spots
Though age spots are not dangerous, most people want them removed or their appearance reduced. Fortunately, several effective treatments exist:
- Topical Treatments:
- Hydroquinone Creams: Hydroquinone is a skin-lightening agent that reduces the appearance of age spots by inhibiting melanin production. Over-the-counter and prescription-strength hydroquinone products are commonly used to fade age spots.
- Retinoids: Retinoids, which are Vitamin A derivatives, enhance the normal metabolic turnover of cells that can help smear over dark spots. Its repetitive use may also help avoid the appearance of new spots.
- Vitamin C: As an antioxidant, Vitamin C can brighten the skin and help lighten dark spots. It works by blocking the enzyme that triggers melanin production, reducing pigmentation.
- Professional Treatments:
- Laser Therapy: Laser treatments focus on melanin in the skin, breaking down pigment and letting the body carry it away. This is most effective for hard-to-treat age spots.
- Chemical Peels: A chemical peel applies a solution to the skin, which removes the outermost layer of the skin and allows fresh and blemish-free skin to grow. It eventually helps lighten the age spots.
- Cryotherapy: Cryotherapy applies liquid nitrogen to the age spot, causing the pigment to freeze and then fall off.
- Prevention is Key:
The best way to prevent age spots from forming or worsening is by protecting your skin from the sun. Regularly apply sunscreen with a high SPF, wear protective clothing, and avoid excessive sun exposure, especially during peak hours.
Understanding the science behind age spots helps you better address them with the right treatments. Whether you prefer in-home treatments like Vitamin C or professional treatments like laser therapy, there are so many ways you can lighten or remove age spots. Of course, never forget to keep protected from the sun to avoid further formation of these spots in the future. For those who don’t know what is the best treatment for their condition, the best option would be to visit a dermatologist for a recommendation.